Concerns are mounting over the role of certain foreign-funded anti-tobacco organizations (ATOs) operating in Pakistan, with experts warning that their activities may be inadvertently fueling the country’s thriving illicit cigarette trade.
While these groups position themselves as public health advocates, their campaigns, particularly those pushing for higher taxation on cigarettes, have unintentionally encouraged the growth of the illegal market.
Pakistan’s illicit tobacco trade now accounts for more than 54% of total consumption, costing the national exchequer an estimated Rs 415 billion annually.
Experts highlight that CTFK and vital strategies fund local NGO’s in Pakistan, raising concerns about transparency and the risk of external influence on Pakistan’s tax and trade policies. In countries such as India and Mexico, similar organizations have faced regulatory action over allegations of lobbying, lack of disclosure, and bypassing national consultation processes.
“Public health is vital, but it must be balanced with economic realities,” said an expert. “When policies focus only on compliant businesses while ignoring the black market, the ultimate beneficiaries are illegal operators who pay no tax.”
A policy expert added that, “The goal is not to restrict NGOs but to ensure their work aligns with Pakistan’s national priorities. Stronger regulation and oversight will help guarantee that advocacy supports rather than undermines the fight against illicit trade. The government should also ensure the funding is used for the purpose it is meant for rather than against any anti-state activities, like done by international NGO’s in the past.”